Over 57,000 ha. of land in Kenya is currently under sugarcane cultivation and produces an estimated annual average of over 4 million tonnes of sugarcane and projected to reach 13.80 tc/yr in 2027. Results obtained from our study indicates that, if the country's sugar industries were to all switch to use of advanced gasification technology, then they would be capable of generating more than 2.7 TWh/yr of electric power in excess of the on-site requirements. Compared to the current production of just 0.167 TWh/yr with the existing back-pressure (BP) turbine systems. The excess energy could be supplied to the national public grid systems for the purpose of rural electrification 

Another important byproduct of sugarcane is ethyl alcohol (ethanol) a power biofuel energy which is used as substitute for gasoline in small-scale and transportation industries. Kenya's experience with ethanol began in earnest in 1982. The initial installed capacity was 60,000 l/day, however, production finally averaged to around 45,000 l/day. Current studies indicate that Kenya has the capacity to produce over 18 million litres of fuel ethanol per year. The ideal fuel mixture decided by the oil industry, ethanol producers and the Government of Kenya was 10% alcohol. The Kenya standard specification for power alcohol was a maximum density at 20oC of 0.7918 and a volume ethanol content minimum of  90.5%. Kenya oil refineries at the time produced two types of leaded motor gasoline - regular and premium, with research octane numbers of 83 and 93, respectively. Alcohol was then sold at US$ 0.35/l. Since this was higher than the price of regular or premium gasoline, the government compensated the oil industry to avoid any losses. We have shown that integrated management and cost-effective development sugarcane byproducts could have generated more revenue to the government and economic activities for the rural people. Such a venture could in-effect spur socio-economic development of rural areas within the cane belt, thereby, leading to more income, more food production, and hence, improved quality of life for the rural people. This will be elaborated with a conceptual study that provides further analysis of its material flows which quantifies inputs and energy outputs. 

1999 to date: Associate Professor of Physics, Department of Physics, Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus.
Main focus of R&D work: Renewable Energy Systems & Environmental Studies: Integrated solar energy systems and wind-power for rural electrification; Integrated bioenergy systems and, environmental sciences. R&D in energy efficient passive solar architectural buildings.

1994 - 1999 Senior Lecturer: Department of Physics, University of Nairobi, Kenya, & Head of Condensed Matter Research Group: Responsible for co-ordination of research in the area of Condensed Matter Physics (Solid State Physics, Material Science and Physics of Semiconductor Electronics Devices), and Renewable Energy systems.

Principal Research Coordinator: University of Nairobi – IPPS, Uppsala University (Sweden) – Solar Energy materials and devices research and development.

1996 - to date: Founder and Chief Executive Director of GREEN AFRICA Network (GAN), an International NGO based in Nairobi (Kenya). With interest in Sustainable rural development: Water management, Healthcare, Education, Agriculture; Renewable Energy, AIDS/HIV, Women empowerment, Environmental conservation, Eco-Tourism, Voluntary program, Indigenous medicine and food resources.
URL: http://www.greenafrica.net/