Dear Friends:

Julian Chara [julian@cipav.org.co] wrote:
> In the Result and Analysis section of the paper, it stated:
>
> >Pond No. 1 was applied with 3,000 kg of slurry (2,000 kg as
> >basal manure). Basal manure application: 8-10 d before stocking fry.
> >Pond No. 2 was applied with 740 kg of chicken manure (200 kg as
> >basal manure). Pond No. 3 was applied with 667 kg of night soil
> >(500 kg as basal manure), 23.8 kg of soy bean in the form of soy
> >bean milk, 9 kg of flour and 27 kg of duckweed (wet weight).
>
> Could you please provide more information about the term "basal manure"
and
> how is the remaining amount applied to the pond?

To fertilize the fishpond aims to proliferate natural food organisms for
fry and fingerlings. The natural food organisms--- bacteria, protozoan,
rotifers, Cladocera, and Copepods in turn will reach a peak, respectively.
The stocking of fry and fingerlings should match with the proliferation of
plankton, especially zoo plankton at the early stage of growth. Organic
manure is often used as basal manure and additional manure. The latter is
sprinkled afterwards to stabilize reproduction of  natural food organisms.

Please refer to my paper Integration of Aquaculture into Macro-Agriculture
In Sustainable Development in the South Pacific: ZERI, IBS and the case of
Montfort Boys' Town, Sept. 1998.

Li Kangmin