Date:         Tue, 25 Apr 2000 10:19:33 +0200
Subject:      material flows: survival of pathogens
From:   CMS Nepal [cmsnepal@cms.wlink.com.np]

Dear Jacky,

 Answer to Jacky's question:

The complete list of pathogens originally envisaged for conduction the test at Pathari latrine-cum-biodigester were as follows:
- Schistosoma
- Ascaris (Roundworm, very common in Nepal)
- Hookworm, Threadworm & Pinworm (also common in Nepal)
- E. coli
- Shegella
- Leptospira
- Salmonella

Survival time of Pathogen (Information)

Uli Werner, Nicolai Hees and Ulrich Storh (1989) indicated the survival time of pathogens in biogas plants as follows (in the mesophilic temperature):
Pathogens               Fatality
                        Days    Rate(%)
Salmonella              7       100
Shigella                  5       100
Poliviruses              9       100
Schistosoma ova     7       100
Hookwork ova         10      100
Ascaris                  36      100
Colititre                  21      10_4 (It should be around 10-4 to 10-3)

The above table shows that most of the pathogens are killed completely within 10 days of anaerobic digestion except Ascaris and E. Coli. which require  36 and 21 days respectively for complete destruction.

Best regards!