Hello Jacky,

Greetings from Samoa. Dr. Okafor is 100% correct regarding alternative and
economic uses for the crushed bones as source of calcium for Poultry and
Pigs. The concept for use in composting properly fits the pedestrian adage
of "out of sight is out of mind".

In 1997 one of my student from the Solomon Islands carried out chemical
evaluation of local feed ingredients for Pig and Poultry from his country.
For bone ash he obtained the following mineral composition :-

    Mineral                    %

    Calcium                    35.6
    Phosphorus               12.6
    Magnesium                  0.66
    Potassium                   0.041

    Mineral                    mg/kg

    copper                    10.0
    Zinc                         35.8
    Manganese               3.2
    Iron                           91.6

So Jacky you can extrapolate mineral concentration for 450 kg of bones per
day assuming 20-35% ash content. Another student from Samoa fed test diets
to broiler chickens containing 1.3% of bone ash as sources of calcium and
phosphorus with excellent results. Part of his conclusion was that bone ash
could replace 100% of  DiCalcium Phosphate in diets for broiler chickens
with reduction in cost of production.

So Jacky the Bali project could generate and commercial the bone ash by
selling to commercial feed millers. The procedure for 'ashing' is simple,
just subject to 350-450 degree centigrade, allow to cool either store, add
to livestock ration or sell.

Have a nice day and God bless.

Asifo O. Ajuyah (Ph.D.)
Senior Lecturer Pig and Poultry Production
The University of The South Pacific
School of Agriculture, Alafua Campus,
SAMOA.